Number of People Who Have Ever Enrolled in ACA Marketplace Coverage, 2014-2024
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) created Health Insurance Marketplaces in all states starting in 2014. Eligible partcipants can purchase individual health insurance plans in the ACA Marketplaces, and qualifying individuals can receive Premium Tax Credits (PTC) to help offset the cost of coverage. The PTC was expanded in both generosity and eligibility startng with the American Rescue Plan Act in 2021, with these enhancements extended in the Inflaton Reducton Act in 2022. The ACA Marketplaces enable Americans to purchase comprehensive, affordable health insurance that they may not have access to through their employers or through programs such as Medicare or Medicaid, including when they experience brief or longer-term gaps in the availability of other coverage.
Affordable Care Act Marketplace Coverage for the Self-Employed and Small Business Owners
Before the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was enacted in 2010, self-employed workers and small business owners had limited options to purchase affordable, high-quality health coverage. While most Americans obtained health coverage through their jobs, self-employed workers and small business owners often needed to purchase health coverage on their own, in which case quality coverage was expensive and sometimes denied.
The Affordable Care Act established Marketplaces in all states beginning in 2014. Self-employed workers and small business owners, as well as anybody else who does not have other access to affordable health coverage, can purchase it on their own and can qualify for tax credits if their premiums would otherwise be unaffordable as a share of their income.
